Improvement in compounds for lining bottoms of bessemer or kelly converters



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES E. ATWOOD, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMPOUNDS FOR LINING BOTTOMS 0F BESSEMER 0R KELLYCONVERTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,?80, dated May 13,1873; application filed May 5, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES E. Arwoon, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county,Pennsylvania, have invented a Compound for Tuyeres, of which thefollowing is a specification:

This invention relates to compounds of refractory nature employed inlining the bottoms of converters used in the manufacture of Bessemersteel, commonly called Bessemer converters. The compounds heretoforeused for the bottoms of converters will last on an average of from threeto five heats, when it becomes necessary to reline the bottom at theexpense of time and labor, as the converter mustbe allowed to cool offbefore being relined. My invention consists, therefore, in combining acarbon-preferably plumbago in the form of old crucibles, althoughanthracite or bituminous coal may furnish the carbonGerman or otherplastic clay, old ground fire-brick, Mount Savage stone-clay, and burntor unburnt sand,

.which, when ground together and dampened so as to be tamped into themold, will form a lining that will run from twelve to twenty-four heats,or, as it is technically termed, blows.

The proportions that I have found to answer best are: Plumbago in theform of old crucible, (or the coals above named,) twenty parts; Germanclay, thirty parts; ground fire-brick, thirty parts; Mount Savagestone-clay, ten parts; common sharp sand, ten parts. These I grindtogether and dampen with sufficient water to form a mass that can betamped into the mold which forms the bottom of the converter. v

New plumbago may be employed instead of plumbago in the form of oldcrucibles; but this would be an additional expense without producing aproportionately better result.

Most of the materials used are inexpensive, being such as have beenpreviously used in or about the works in some form or other, and thiswill, of course, cheapen the cost of manufacture.

The time heretofore lost in repairing confire-brick, burntor unburntsand, and one or more of the plastic clays, substantially as described,for the lining of converters.

JAMES E. ATWOOD. Witnesses:

GHARLEs ZIMMERMANN, LUTHER MARTIN.

